Subproject D01

Subproject D01

Hand Motion Patterns Derived from Empatho-Kinaesthetic Sensor Data as a Diagnostic Parameter for Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases

D01 is a team of rheumatologists and movement scientists that are investigating on objective monitoring of function in patients with auto-inflammatory rheumatic diseases with the overall aim to support disease monitoring to enable a timely and optimal medical treatment. To better understand how these diseases affect the movement of the hands, they measured grip strength and fine motor skills in patients and healthy individuals and used a state-of-the-art marker-based motion capture technology to analyze a set of different hand movement tasks. Comparing these functional outcomes with clinical parameters D01 will follow a holistic approach to objectively assess muscle and skeletal function in relation to disease activity.

D01 collected data under standardized conditions on the current disease status of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), in combination with a comprehensive clinical test battery of hand function as well as comparative data from a healthy cohort.  The analysis will focus on the interaction of the functional movement data with clinical scores like the grade of synovitis and tenosynovitis detected by ultrasonography and clinical disease activity scores. Previous results highlighted sex- and age-based differences in functional tasks. Therefore ongoing analysis will focus on classifying objective biomarkers based on these groups and within the two different condition of RA and PsA to find the best suited parameters for objective functional monitoring.

EmpkinS technologies will enable the unconfined assessment of hand function in the clinical routine and daily life with the goal of monitoring disease activity with objective biomarkers of hand movement.

Contacts

PD Dr. sport.science Dr. habil. med. Anna-Maria Liphardt

Principal Investigator

Prof. Dr. med. Georg Schett

Principal Investigator

Birte Luise Coppers

Doctoral Candidate

Ines Ebner

Associated Doctoral Candidate

Elie-Tino Godonou

Associated Doctoral Candidate

 

Dr. med. Sara Bayat

Clinician Scientist

 

 

Additional Information

  • Coppers B., Bartanus V., Heinrich S., Bayat S., Kleyer A., Minopoulou I., Simon D., Corte G., Fagni F., Schönau V., Schett G., Leyendecker S., Liphardt AM.:
    Biomechanical Investigation of Impairments in Palm Arch Mobility in Rheumatoid and Psoriatic Arthritis Patients.
    Poster, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.ard.2025.06.562.
  • Coppers B., Heinrich S., Bayat S., Tascilar K., Kleyer A., Simon D., Minopoulou I., Corte G., Fagni F., Schönau V., Leyendecker S., Schett G., Liphardt AM.:
    Hand Function Impairments Are More Pronounced in Female RA and PsA Patients and also Found in Patients without Concurrent Hand Inflammation.
    Medicine and science in sports and exercise (2025), Art.Nr.: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003832. ISSN: 0195-9131. DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003832.
  • Coppers B., Heinrich S., Tascilar K., Phutane U., Kleyer A., Simon D., Bräunig J., Penner J., Vossiek M., Schönau V., Bayat S., Schett G., Leyendecker S., Liphardt AM.:
    Sensor-assessed grasping time as a biomarker of functional impairment in rheumatoid arthritis.
    Scientific Reports 15 (2025), Art.Nr.: 6018. ISSN: 2045-2322. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-90295-7.
  • Dreiner M., Godonou ET., Mündermann A., Tascilar K., Schett G., Zaucke F., Liphardt AM., Niehoff A.:
    Immobilization by 21-days of bed rest causes changes in biomarkers of cartilage homeostasis in healthy individuals.
    Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open 7 (2025), Art.Nr.: 100597. ISSN: 2665-9131. DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100597.
  • Heß A., Tascilar K., Schenker H., Konerth L., Schönau V., Sergeeva M., Kreitz S., Prade J., Strobelt S., Selvakumar M., Kleyer A., Englbrecht M., Hueber A., Zaiss M., Feist E., Burmester GR., Voll RE., Finzel S., Baerwald C., Rösch J., Behrens F., Koehm M., da Silva JAP., Damjanov N., Dörfler A., Schett G., Rech J.:
    Disease-associated brain activation predicts clinical response to TNF inhibition in rheumatoid arthritis (PreCePra): a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study.
    The Lancet Rheumatology (2025). ISSN: 2665-9913. DOI: 10.1016/S2665-9913(25)00032-3.
  • Kemenes S., Chang L., Schlereth M., Noversa de Sousa R., Minopoulou I., Fenzl P., Corte G., Yalcin Mutlu M., Höner M.W., Sagonas I., Coppers B., Liphardt A.M., Simon D., Kleyer A., Folle L., Sticherling M., Schett G., Maier A., Fagni F.:
    Advancement and independent validation of a deep learning-based tool for automated scoring of nail psoriasis severity using the modified nail psoriasis severity index.
    Frontiers in Medicine, vol. 12, March 2025. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1574413.
  • Mougiakakos D., Meyer EH., Schett G.:
    CAR T cells in autoimmunity: game changer or stepping stone?
    Blood (2025). ISSN: 0006-4971. DOI: 10.1182/blood.2024025413.
  • Port H., Coppers B., Liehr S., Manger E., Niemiec L.M., Bayat S., Simon D., Fagni F., Corte G., Bay-Jensen A.C., Tascilar K., Hueber A., Schmidt K.G., Schönau V., Sticherling M., Heinrich S., Leyendecker S., Bohr D., Schett G., Kleyer A., Holm Nielsen S., Liphardt A.M.:
    Serum extracellular matrix biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and psoriasis and their association with hand function.
    Scientific Reports, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 13656, April. 2025. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-98395-0.
  • Salehi F., Bayat S., Schett G., Kleyer A., Altstidl T., Eskofier B.M.:
    ExSMART-PreRA: Explainable Survival and Risk Assessment using Machine Learning for Time Estimation in Preclinical Rheumatoid Arthritis.
    IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, vol. PP, March 2025. DOI: 10.1109/JBHI.2025.3554364.
  • Seese F.K., Rochser P., Coppers B., Greenfield J., Grahammer M., Kuhn S., Gupta L., Schett G., Knitza J., Liphardt A.M.:
    Toward digitally supported self-assessment of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.
    Arthritis Research & Therapy, vol. 27, no. 1, p. 38, Feb 2025. DOI: 10.1186/s13075-025-03504-z.
  • Auth J., Müller F., Völkl S., Bayerl N., Distler JH., Tur C., Raimondo MG., Chenguiti Fakhouri S., Atzinger A., Coppers B., Eckstein M., Liphardt AM., Bäuerle T., Tascilar K., Aigner M., Kretschmann S., Wirsching A., Taubmann J., Hagen M., Györfi AH., Kharboutli S., Krickau T., Dees C., Spörl S., Rothe T., Harrer T., Bozec A., Grieshaber Bouyer R., Fuchs F., Kuwert T., Berking C., Horch RE., Uder M., Mackensen A., Schett G., Bergmann C.:
    CD19-targeting CAR T-cell therapy in patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis: a case series.
    The Lancet Rheumatology (2024). ISSN: 2665-9913. DOI: 10.1016/S2665-9913(24)00282-0.
  • Blazek V., Loy N., Jukic E., Coppers B., Fleischmann ME., Hübner J., Iqbal M., Heinrich S., Scheiterer E., Leyendecker S., Greenfield J., Labinski H., Raimondo MG., Ramming A., Schönau V., Schett G., Knitza J., Liphardt AM.:
    Towards Objective Measurement Of Spinal Mobility In Axial Spondyloarthritis – Benchmarking An Inertial Measurement Unit System With An Optical Measurement System
    Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2024), S. 1774-1775. ISSN: 0003-4967. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2024-eular.5778.
  • Bräunig J., Heinrich S., Coppers B., Kammel C., Wirth V., Stamminger M., Leyendecker S., Liphardt AM., Ullmann I., Vossiek M.:
    A Radar-Based Concept for Simultaneous High-Resolution Imaging and Pixel-Wise Velocity Analysis for Tracking Human Motion.
    IEEE Journal of Microwaves 4 (2024), S. 639-652. ISSN: 2692-8388. DOI: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3453570.
  • Bucci L., Hagen M., Rothe T., Raimondo MG., Fagni F., Tur C., Wirsching A., Wacker J., Wilhelm A., Auger JP., Pachowsky M., Eckstein M., Alivernini S., Zoli A., Krönke G., Uderhardt S., Bozec A., D’Agostino MA., Schett G., Grieshaber Bouyer R.:
    Bispecific T cell engager therapy for refractory rheumatoid arthritis.
    Nature Medicine 30 (2024), S. 1593-1601. ISSN: 1078-8956. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02964-1.
  • Carl J., Zheng M., Popp J., Eckert K., Geidl W., Blaschke S., Schmid J., Grüne E., Oppermann L., Liphardt AM., Morf H., Weißenfels A., Pfeifer K.:
    Competencies for health-enhancing physical activity are associated with body mass: results of an updated data pooling across 18 samples.
    Obesity (2024). ISSN: 1930-7381.  DOI: 10.1002/oby.24121.
  • Coppers B., Heinrich S., Bayat S., Tascilar K., Kleyer A., Simon D., Minopoulou I., Corte G., Fagni F., Schönau V., Bohr D., Leyendecker S., Schett G., Liphardt AM.:
    AB0208 Reduced Hand Function Indicates Higher Disease Activity In Patients With Rheumatoid And Psoriatic Arthritis.
    Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2024), S. 1342.1-1342. ISSN: 0003-4967. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2024-eular.1112.
  • Fleischmann S., Holzwarth Correa V., Coppers B., Sadeghi M., Richer R., Kleyer A., Simon D., Bräunig J., Vossiek M., Schönau V., Schett G., Koelewijn A., Leyendecker S., Eskofier B., Liphardt AM.:
    Classification of rheumatoid arthritis from hand motion capture data using machine learning.
    13. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Biomechanik (DGfB) (Heidelberg, 24 April 2024 – 26 April 2024).
  • Grube L., Petit P., Vuillerme N., Nitschke M., Nwosu OB., Knitza J., Krusche M., Seifer AK., Eskofier B., Schett G., Morf H.:
    Complementary App-Based Yoga Home Exercise Therapy for Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis: Usability Study.
    JMIR Formative Research 8 (2024), Art.Nr.: e57185. ISSN: 2561-326X. DOI: 10.2196/57185.
  • Haghikia A., Hegelmaier T., Wolleschak D., Böttcher M., Pappa V., Motte J., Borie D., Gold R., Feist E., Schett G., Mougiakakos D.:
    Clinical efficacy and autoantibody seroconversion with CD19-CAR T cell therapy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and coexisting myasthenia gravis.
    Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2024). ISSN: 0003-4967. DOI: 10.1136/ard-2024-226017.
  • Haghikia A., Schett G., Mougiakakos D.:
    B cell-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cells as an emerging therapy in neuroimmunological diseases.
    Lancet Neurology 23 (2024), S. 615-624. ISSN: 1474-4422. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(24)00140-6.
  • Heinrich S., Coppers B., Liphardt AM., Leyendecker S.:
    Optimal Control Simulation of Full Hand Flexion MovementsExploiting Optical Marker Tracking.
    Scientific Meetings of ANZSB & ANZORS 2024.
  • Heinrich S., Michaelis J., Reiher I., Coppers B., Lohmayer M., Fleischmann ME., Kleyer A., Schett G., De Craemer AS., Elewaut D., Leyendecker S., Liphardt AM.:
    Comparison and Improvement of CyberGlove III calibration methods.
    IEEE Sensors 24 (2024). ISSN: 2168-9229. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2024.3376606.
  • Loy N., Blazek V., Jukic E., Fleischmann ME., Coppers B., Hübner J., Iqbal M., Heinrich S., Scheiterer E., Leyendecker S., Greenfield J., Labinski H., Raimondo MG., Ramming A., Schönau V., Schett G., Knitza J., Liphardt AM.:
    Fear Of Movement Affects Range Of Motion During Repeated Basmi Exercises Assessed By State-Of-The-Art Motion Capture Techniques.
    Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2024), S. 936.3-937. ISSN: 0003-4967. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2024-eular.5298.
  • Palm von Alten Blaskowitz PA., Liphardt AM., Bouzas C., Coppers B., Petit P., Vuillerme N., Bundle V., Rudolf S., Knitza J., Raimondo MG., Labinsky H., Hatscher L., Wirsching A., Bohr D., Araujo E., Ramming A., Ramming A., Schett G., Morf H.:
    Impact of the digital health application ViViRA on spinal mobility, physical function, quality of life and pain perception in spondyloarthritides patients: a randomized controlled trial.
    Arthritis Research & Therapy 26 (2024), Art.Nr.: 208. ISSN: 1478-6354. DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03443-1.
  • Rech J., Tascilar K., Hagen M., Kleyer A., Manger B., Schönau V., Hueber A., Kleinert S., Baraliakos X., Braun J., Kiltz U., Fleck M., Rubbert-Roth A., Kofler DM., Behrens F., Feuchtenberger M., Zaenker M., Voll R., Venhoff N., Thiel J., Glaser C., Feist E., Burmester GR., Karberg K., Strunk J., Cañete JD., Senolt L., Filkova M., Naredo E., Largo R., Krönke G., D’Agostino MA., Østergaard M., Schett G.:
    Abatacept inhibits inflammation and onset of rheumatoid arthritis in individuals at high risk (ARIAA): a randomised, international, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    The Lancet (2024). ISSN: 0140-6736. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02650-8.
  • Scheiterer E., Heinrich S., Liphardt AM., Leyendecker S.:
    Marker position uncertainty in joint angle analysis for normal human gait — A new error-modelling approach.
    Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 95 (2024), Art.Nr.: 106474. ISSN: 1746-8094. DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2024.106474.
  • Schweiger I., Koschinsky J., Elie-Tino G., Tascilar K., Coppers B., Kleyer A., Morf H., Simon D., Bayat S., Bohr D., Valor L., Raimondo MG., Ramming A., Schönau V., Knitza J., Schett G., Liphardt AM.:
    THE IMPACT OF KINESIOPHOBIA ON GAIT KINEMATICS IN PATIENTS WITH SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES.
    Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2024), S. 1773.2-1774. ISSN: 0003-4967. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2024-eular.5381.
  • Tur C., Eckstein M., Velden J., Rauber S., Bergmann C., Auth J., Bucci L., Corte G., Hagen M., Wirsching A., Grieshaber Bouyer R., Reis P., Kittan N., Wacker J., Rigau AR., Ramming A., D’Agostino MA., Hartmann A., Müller F., Mackensen A., Bozec A., Schett G., Raimondo MG.:
    CD19-CAR T-cell therapy induces deep tissue depletion of B cells.
    Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2024), Art.Nr.: ard-2024-226142. ISSN: 0003-4967. DOI: 10.1136/ard-2024-226142.
  • Bayat S., Coppers B., Kleyer A., Elie-Tino G., Valor L., Simon D., Fagni F., Corte G., Schönau V., Tascilar K., Hueber A., Sticherling M., Schett G., Liphardt AM.:
    CHRONIC TENOSYNOVITIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOSS OF GRIP STRENGTH IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS (OP0069).
    Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2023), S. 47, ISSN: 0003-4967. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.886.
  • Coppers B., Bayat S., Elie-Tino G., Valor-Mendez L., Fagni F., Corte G., Tascilar K., Hueber A., Schönau V., Sticherling M., Schett G., Kleyer A., Liphardt AM.:
    Does Subjectively Perceived Loss Of Hand Function Sufficiently Represent Ultrasonography-Detected Synovitis And Tenosynovitis In Patients With Psoriasis And Psoriatic Arthritis?
    European Alliance of Association for Rheumatology (EULAR) Congress 2023. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.2286.
  • Coppers B., Bayat S., Elie-Tino G., Valor-Mendez L., Simon D., Corte G., Tascilar K., Hueber A., Bohr D., Schönau V., Sticherling M., Schett G., Kleyer A., Liphardt AM.:
    Objective and subjective hand function reflect grade of tenosynovitis in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
    Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie Kongress 2023.
  • Heinrich S., Coppers B., Liphardt AM., Leyendecker S.:
    On the inclusion of motion capture data in optimal control simulations of the human hand.
    18th International Symposium on Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering (Paris, 3 Mai 2023 – 5 Mai 2023).
  • Heinrich S., Coppers B., Liphardt AM., Leyendecker S.:
    Inclusion of optical marker position data in optimal control simulations of a rigid body model of the human hand.
    ECCOMAS – 11th Thematic Conference on Multibody Dynamics (Lisboa, 24 Juli 2023 – 28 Juli 2023).
  • Kemenes S., Tascilar K., Kleyer A., Minopoulou I., Fagni F., Zekovic A., Isnardi CA., Liphardt AM., Bayat S., Schuster L., Schett G., Rauber S.:
    POS0156 BONE DENSITY, MICROSTRUCTURE AND BIOMECHANICS OVER A 7-YEAR OBSERVATION PERIOD IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS – INFLUENCE OF AUTOIMMUNITY, DISEASE ACTIVITY AND BIOLOGICAL DMARD TREATMENT.
    Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82 (2023), S. 300-301. ISSN: 0003-4967. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.1612.
  • Liphardt AM., Elie-Tino G., Dreiner M., Mündermann A., Tascilar K., Djalal N., Heer M., Schett G., Zaucke F., Niehoff A.:
    Immobilization by 21 days of bed rest results in type II collagen degradation in healthy individuals.
    Osteoarthritis and Cartilage (2023). ISSN: 1063-4584. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.11.007.
  • Mündermann A., Liphardt AM., Herger S.:
    In vivo models of human articular cartilage mechanosensitivity.
    Elsevier, 2023. ISBN: 9780323905978. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-90597-8.00017-7.
  • Port Linares H., Coppers B., Bayat S., Elie-Tino G., Fagni F., Corte G., Bay-Jensen AC., Tascilar K., Hueber A., Schönau V., Sticherling M., Heinrich S., Bohr C., Schett G., Kleyer A., Leyendecker S., Nielsen SH., Liphardt AM.:
    Blood-Based Biomarkers of Inflammation and Tissue Remodeling Can Discriminate Between Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriasis, and Psoriatic Arthritis and Are Associated with Hand Function.
    American College of Rheumatology Convergence (San Diego, 14 November 2023 – 19 November 2023).
  • Wirth V., Liphardt AM., Coppers B., Bräunig J., Heinrich S., Leyendecker S., Kleyer A., Schett G., Vossiek M., Egger B., Stamminger M.:
    Markerless RGB-D Hand Pose Estimation for Activity Monitoring of Musculoskeletal Diseases.
    IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI’23) (Pittsburgh, USA, 15 Oktober 2023 – 18 Oktober 2023).
  • Wirth V., Liphardt AM., Coppers B., Bräunig J., Heinrich S., Leyendecker S., Kleyer A., Schett G., Vossiek M., Egger B., Stamminger M.:
    ShaRPy: Shape Reconstruction and Hand Pose Estimation from RGB-D with Uncertainty.
    International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) Workshops (Paris, 2 Oktober 2023 – 6 Oktober 2023).
    In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) Workshops 2023.
  • Bayat S., Tascilar K., Bohr D., Krönke G., Simon D., Knitza J., Hartmann F., Schett G., Kleyer A.:
    Efficacy and drug persistence of baricitinib monotherapy is similar to combination therapy in patients with active RA: a prospective observational study.
    RMD Open 8 (2022), Art.Nr.: e002674. ISSN: 2056-5933. DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002674.
  • Coppers B., Heinrich S., Phutane U., Berisha D., Tascilar K., Kleyer A., Simon D., Bräunig J., Penner J., Vossiek M., Schönau J., Bayat S., Schett G., Leyendecker S., Liphardt AM.:
    Feasibility of using optoelectronic measurement of hand movement for characterizing hand function in rheumatoid arthritis.
    75th EULAR (European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology), European Congress of Rheumatology 2022. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1741.
  • Coppers B., Heinrich S., Phutane U., Berisha D., Tascilar K., Kleyer A., Simon D., Bräunig J., Penner J., Vossiek M., Schönau V., Bayat S., Schett G., Leyendecker S., Liphardt AM.:
    Evaluation of marker-based motion capturing to charactherize basic hand movements in rheumatic patients.
    27th Congress of the European Society of Biomechanics 2022.
  • Coppers B., Phutane U., Berisha D., Tascilar K., Kleyer A., Simon D., Bräunig J., Penner J., Vossiek M., Schönau V., Heinrich S., Bayat S., Schett G., Leyendecker S., Liphardt AM.:
    Establishment and evaluation of a sensor-based method to assess hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
    World Biomechanics Congress 2022.
  • Folle L., Simon D., Tascilar K., Krönke G., Liphardt AM., Maier A., Schett G., Kleyer A.:
    Deep Learning-Based Classification of Inflammatory Arthritis by Identification of Joint Shape Patterns—How Neural Networks Can Tell Us Where to “Deep Dive” Clinically.
    Frontiers in Medicine 9 (2022). ISSN: 2296-858X. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.850552.
  • Heinrich S., Phutane U., Coppers B., Liphardt AM., Leyendecker S.:
    Towards optimal control grasping simulations with the full hand.
    conference, 9th GACM Colloquium on Computational Mechanics – for Young Scientists from Academia and Industry (Essen, 21 September 2022 – 23 September 2022).
  • Heinrich S., Phutane U., Penner J., Coppers B., Liphardt AM., Leyendecker S.:
    Comparison of different approaches for the personalization of a kinematic hand model.
    World Biomechanics Congress 2022 (Taipei (Online), 10 Juli 2022 – 14 Juli 2022). URL: https://www.wcb2022.com.
  • Liphardt AM., Tascilar K., Coppers B., Manger E., Liehr S., Bieniek LM., Bayat S., Simon D., Sticherling M., Rech J., Hueber A., Schett G., Kleyer A.:
    SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICAL FUNCTION DOES NOT SUFFICIENTLY EXPLAIN VARIANCE OF MEASURED HAND FUNCTION AND GRIP STRENGTH IN ARTHRITIS PATIENTS AND NON-ARTHRITIS CONTROLS.
    ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES, LONDON: 2022. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2240.
  • Phutane U., Liphardt AM., Bräunig J., Penner J., Klebl M., Vossiek M., Kleyer A., Schett G., Leyendecker S.:
    Evaluation of Optical and Radar Based Motion Capturing Technologies for Characterizing Hand Movement in Rheumatoid Arthritis — A Pilot Study.
    Sensors 21 (2021), Art.Nr.: 1208. ISSN: 1424-8220. DOI: 10.3390/s21041208.